Gas or oil burner



(No Model.)

F. S. DURAND. GAS 0R OIL BURNER. No. 438,840. Patented Oct. Z1, 1890.

MUN

UIMM!! UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK S. DURAND, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

GAS OR OIL BURNER.

'SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 438,840, dated October21, 1890.

` Application filed August Z0, 1889. Serial No. 321,403. (No model.)

T0 all whom' it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK S. DURAND, of Peoria, in the county of Peoriaand State of Illinois, have invented certainnew and useful Improvementsin Gas or Oil Burners; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being hadv to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a novel construction in burners.

The invention consists in the features of construction and combinationof parts hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the appendedclaim.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a perspective view of a deviceconstructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a centralvertical sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective viewof the base or {ire-pot of the burner.

In said drawings, A indicates a main supply-pipe for supplying gas or avolatile oil to the burner. Said pipe A is provided with a branch pipeA', having its end located within the burner and provided with aneedle-valve A2, the stem a of which is provided with a hand-Wheel a',by means of which it can be operated.

A3 indicatesa fire-pot or base of the burner provided with a centralaperture a2, preferably screW-threaded. The said lire-pot is locatedupon the branch pipe A by having the aperture therein placed around thei said branch pipe and connected therewith by a screw-threaded joint.rlhe said base-piece A3 is provided with an uprisingannular collar orflange a3, having a diameter `considerably larger than that of thebranch pipe A. f The said iiange d3 is screw-threaded"internally in itsupper portion, and a tube o r`-p ipe A4 is connected therewith by ascrewftli'readed joint. rlhe said tube Al thus surrounds the branch pipeA', extends some distance above the same, and is closed at its upper endby a cappiece a4, hereinafter referred to. It Will thus be seen that achamber e5 is provided around the branch pipe, and said chamber will betermed a heating-chamber. The said base A3 is provided along itsperiphery or outer edge with an upturned rim or flange a6, which, inconjunction with the iange a3, forms an open-topped annular receptacleor re-pot.

a7 0,7 indicate a plurality of passages or small openings leading fromthe heatingchamber a to the fire-po n, said passages being so locatedand inclined that they lead fromr the bottom of the heating-chamber to apoint considerably above the bottom-of said fire-v pot. A' plurality ofholes or openings as as for the admission of air are formed in thebottom of said fire-pot, and said openings are provided with surroundinguprising Walls di a9, which prevent any fluid that may be in the saidopen-topped receptacle from running out through said holes a8 a8.

The mixing or combustion chamber C of the burner surrounds theheating-chamber a5 and is composed of separate pieces so arranged oneupon the other as to form a circuitous passage through them. The saidparts composing the combustion-chamber are arranged in the followingmanner: Adefiectiugplate C', having a central aperture of a diameterequal to that of the tube AJK is passed over said tube and rests uponthe flange a3 of the base-piece. The said plate extends outwardly to apoint j ust above the outer side of the firepot and a considerabledistance above the same.' y The said plate C is also provided with anupwardly-extending hub portion c. O2 is a cylin'dric section or casin ghaving a partition or diaphragm c', which is provided with a centralaperture adapted to fit around the tube A4, so that said diaphragm restsupon the hub c. The said diaphragm is provided With a plurality ofpassages or openings c2 c2, arranged in the form of a circle around thecentral aperture, and so located that they are nearer the center of thetube A4 than the periphery of the plate C. The said casinglG'extendsbelow the plate C to a point abouteven with the upper end of the iiangect6`of'thej-liire-pot and a slight distance outwardly froin'gthe same,so as to form a small passage for air.;y

The said casing also extends above the' diais provided interiorly withrasaid ribs having their upper edge of the phragm c', and dial ribs c3es, edges somewhat below the upper casing.

C3 indicates another deflecting-plate han lng a central aperture and adownwardly-extending hub c, which rests upon the diaphragm and sustainsthe said plate C3 above the same. The said plate C3 is about the samediameter as the plate C', and extends outwardly over the openings c2 inthe diaphragm of the casing C2.

Ctindicates another casing-section forming part of the outer walls ofthe mixing-chamber, having its lower end adapted to fit Within the upperend of the casing-section C2, and rest upon the ribs c3 cg therein. Thesaid casing-section CAl is of a smaller dialneter in its upper part thanin its lower part, and is provided between its upper and lower portionswith au inwardly-extending partition c5, having acentral opening of adiameter considerablyless than the diameter of the plate C3.

C5 indicates an additional casing-section having an internal diameterequal to the external diameter of the upper part of the casing-sectionC4, over which it lits. The said section C5 is provided interiorly alittle distance above its lower end with an upwardlyextending partitionc, having an internal diameter about the Same as that of the partitionc5. The said casing-section C5 is placed over the upper end of thesection C4, and the partition rests upon said upper end and sustains thecasing-section.

c7 eT indicate radial ribs located upon the inner walls of the casing C5and above the partition c6. Said ribs are each provided with a verticalface C8, which stands some distance out from the inner wall of the saidcasing and with a horizontal face c".

C indicates another deflecting-plate havv ing an external diameterconsiderably less than the internal diameters of the casing C5. Saidplate C6 is adapted to rest upon the horizontal faces e9 of the ribs c7,and to be held in a central position by the vertical faces or edges c3.The cap-piece a4, before referred to and which closes the upper end ofthe heating-chamber a5, is provided with an outwardly-extendinghorizontal flange or top deflecting-plate al", having a diameter aboutequal to the external diameter of the casingsection C5.

The parts of myinvention being constructed and arranged, as described7the operation is as follows: It will be understood that the form ofburner can be used equally well to burn either gas or oil. In operationthe gas or oil passes from the supply and branch pipes through theneedle-valve into the heating-chamber a5. It escapes from the saidheating-chamber into the tire-pot by means of the holes a7 a7. Then gasis used, it is ignited at this point and the llame passes up into themixing-chamber, thereby creating a draft which draws in the outside airthrough the openings a8 a8 in the lire-pot, and also through the spacebetween the upper end of the flange a6 thereof and the lower end of thecasing C2. The mixed gas and air pass up through the mixing-chamber andare thoroughly intermixed by being deflected from one side to the otherby the deflecting-plates and partitions in an obvious manner. The flamepassing around the heating-chambera5 brings it to a very hightemperature and heats the gas before it emerges therefrom, so that itscombustive properties are increased. In passing through the mixingchamber the flame, smoke, and air are very thoroughly mixed and refined,and issuing from the top of said mixing-chamber burn around the edge ofthe top deflecting-plate al". In burning oil the operation is somewhatdifferent. r he oil issues from the branch pipe and flows first into thelire-pot, as is obvious. The oil is then ignited and the Haine combiningwith the air, as before described, passes through the mixing-chamber,and thereby brings the heating-chamberto a high temperature, which hasthe effect of vaporizing said oil in the heating-chamber, so that itissues therefrom in a gaseous form and burns with the mixed air in themanner before described. The flame which issues from the top of theburner around the top deilecting-plate is a blue flame and of anexceedingly high temperature.

It is obvious that the size of the burner can be increased or diminishedby removing or adding the casing-sections or deflectingplates, asdesired, said parts being so constructed that they lit upon each otherand can be built up as desired.

I claim as my invention- A burner of the kind specified comprising atubular heating-chamber, a supply-'pipe located within and extendingpartially through said heating-chamber, a valve located near the upperend of said suppl y-pipe, a plurality of circumferential rings locatedone above the other constituting an outer casing, each of said ringsbeing provided with an annular partition or flange extending inwardlyinthe space between said outer casing and said heating-chamber, whichconstitutes the mixing-chamber, there being passages a7, leading fromthe lower end of the heating-chamber to the mixing-chamber, the saidmixing-cham ber being open at its lower end and communicating with theatmosphere, a plurality of circumferential defiecting-plates surroundingsaid heating-chamber and extending outwardly into the mixing-chamberalternately with the said partitions, whereby a circuitous passage isformed in said mixing-chamber, and a spreader or top plate secured tothe upper end of the heating-chamber above the exit at the upper end ofthe mixing-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I ailix mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK S. DURAND.

Witnesses:

F. I-I. TIcHnNoR, Il. P. GRIER.

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